Audience Analysis Paper

Week two Assignment: Audience Analysis Paper May 10, 2010 Audience Analysis Paper In any business people will work with others that have different lifestyles and backgrounds. Many have different attitudes, beliefs, and values that come with diversity in an organization. This essay will address a situation where a person has to present quarterly sales information at a meeting. The group of people includes: managers, customers, salespeople, and skateholders. The essay will focus on communications with this type of audience and how one must approach the situation. The essay will focus on the characteristics of the audience, and explain the communication channels appropriate for this situation. Because the diversity of the audience is so important, the essay will provide some considerations to keep in mind on how to communicate with different groups. Last, I will speak of the ways to ensure messages are effective when communication with an audience. Much of the characteristics that are considered are the correspondence to the audience. Since the quarterly sales information is presented to more than one person, the individual must conduct information persisting to the topics of the audience. One well known way to get information out is through a PowerPoint Presentation. In most cases this involves being face to face with the audience. Sometimes Individuals will show spreadsheets, graphs, or important bullet notes to help the audience understand what is being presented. Communication channels are important when dealing with different types of audiences. The presentation channel of communication is important to skateholders because it determines the level of production, profit, and production. This channel is important because one can adapt to the needs of the audience. Individuals can see the change in sales information through spreadsheets. The information for managers and customers would be different because they focus more on price, need, and value of a product. Â · o What communication channels are appropriate? Explain. o What are some considerations to keep in mind given the diversity of the audience? o How do you ensure your message is effective? Â ·

Journal Critique By Harsha Sooka

The introduction of the article starts off with why the study was conducted, due to the discovery of causality amongst patients who had used gadolinium based contrast agents. Nephritic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) was the disease caused by the use of the gadolinium based contrast agent. Once again the introductions lacks literature on what this disease actually was or how the gadolinium based contrast agent caused it. The Introduction then goes Into the history of the different contrast agent and non-contrast agent magnetic assonance angiography methods.Then towards the end of the Introduction the alma of the research that was conducted was mentioned, which Is a good idea as It brings the reader, back in to understanding as to why the research was conducted. Moving on to the next part which is the methods which was explained by the authors in much detail as to what they exactly did to study the different patients, what ages and sexes of patients that took part in the research and how the research was in line with the ethics and law.Which is in fact a good start which to the methods, which shows the reader that the research was conducted ethically and according to law. The methods then go into how the study was compared with deferent sequences which are AD OTF and a TRANCE covering the kidney and pelvic vessels, a AD OTF, a AD PC and a AD B-SSP covering the aortic bifurcation and pelvic vessels. The authors also mentioned what was outcome that was to be compared and also one type MR.. Machine that was used In the whole study (Phelps 1.T Cochlea). The results contained the outcomes of the study, which were the quality of the image from the different sequences and also the factor of time taken for each of the sequence. Which was placed in tables and images and used to compare the discussion part of the article and towards the end of the result paragraph all the sequences were ranked according to all evaluated parameters. The end of discussion touched limitations and al so gave advantage of using non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography.The conclusion finishes off with the explanation as to how the authors are positive that Non-contrast enhanced MR.. Offers a safe preoperative examination for assessment of pelvic vessel status before kidney trans- plantation without any risk of NSF, nonprescription or radiation. They also lastly touched as to which of the sequences were recommended and how Important It was do prevent such complications caused. This Is a nice short and simple paragraph that does have a strong effect on the reader as to how their aim was successfully achieved and how

Dance of Life Essay

The painting â€Å"Dance of Life†, created by Edvard Munch in 1900, is a painting that portrays people in different stages of life. It portrays two women who seem sad, a third woman who seems happy, and a bunch of other women dancing with men. The painting implies that life is difficult and that it can be depressing at times, but that it always goes on. The arrangement of the women in a half circle represents the phases of life. The women on the end of the half circle are both standing alone. The woman on the far left stands alone, representing youth, and wears white, representing innocence. The woman on the far right stands alone, representing the loneliness of old age, and she wears black, representing death or loss. The women dancing in the background represent the different phases of life and the enjoyment that can be found in every phase of life. The woman in the center of the painting represents the idea of being out of step with the ‘dance of life’. She wears a red dress, different from all the others. Red represents danger or anger which can be perceived as negative, but by painting her in the center the artist respects her unique position in life and implies that her difference from the rest is a positive quality. The way that others are turned towards her represents how people in society center so much of their lives on attention to others’ decisions. More than half of the painting has a green background representing life and vitality. The top quarter of the painting is a blue body of water that simultaneously represent tranquility. The juxtaposition of these two represents the necessity of having balance in your life. The green, as well as the people dancing, represent the joy to be found in life. Most of life should be joyous, coupled with the tranquility, silence, and reflection represented by the blue and the three girls not dancing. The different colors used in this painting represent all the different aspects in life and how important it is to acknowledge all of them. The artist doesn’t use harsh lines or defined shapes in this painting. All the shapes are smooth and rounded. It really adds to the implication that life flows. The smooth shapes help the painting transition from left to right. The smooth shapes support the half circle shape and it all works together to create a path for the eye to follow. There’s not a large contrast of darkness and light; most of the painting is dark except for one column where the sun is, which casts more light on the girl in white. This gives the idea that there’s more light, more carefree-ness in the youth. The entire painting is two dimensional. Though there are clearly different rows and elements to this painting, the grass, water, and sky all seem to run together in a flat way. This gives the feeling that we are bigger than life; that we are bigger than the problems of the world around us. The painting has three central points of interest; the three women in their different phases of life are set up as the most significant points of the painting. It represents the phases of life and brings to mind the emotions associated with those phases. The young girl in the white dress stands next to flowers which only accentuate the idea of youth and imply that the girl, like the flowers, will still continue to grow. The older woman on the end seems to have a morose, solemn look about her. It implies introspection and reflection on the long life she’s lived. It gives pause to the viewer and causes them to be solemn. One reason the painting conveys its message so well is because of the way the women are set up in contrast to each other. The harmony in the painting is created in the way that the women wear white and the men wear black. It creates a calm background which sets up a better backdrop to set the three women apart. The sun setting over the water creates a smooth backdrop and adds an idea of resignment to the painting; as though it’s okay to accept this ‘dance of life’ as a way of living. Unity is completely achieved in this painting as all of the people have something in common; be it gender, clothing color, or disposition. This is a closed compositional painting and it’s emphasized by the circle closing off at the edges of both paintings. It represents the idea of the circle of life and ensures that every aspect of life is contained in the painting. The lines and structure of this painting seem unintentional. The lines of the grass and the separation between the water and the sky aren’t straight or harsh. They’re smooth and blurred, creating an intentionally casual dynamic. The point of view of the painter is that life is short and that people are happiest in their youth. The older woman seems to have a look of remorse or regret on her face as she stares at the lady in red. The painter seems to be saying that we, as the viewers, should enjoy our youth and live without regrets. It also gives implications about life and the human experience; life is contained in a short circle and passes by quickly. In any phase of life, there are things to be enjoyed and appreciated because life passes by way too quickly. The painter’s view of the world is that there’s good aspects of every part of life. He seems to think that youth is the best part of life and that mistakes are central to life. The way that everyone circles around the woman in red represents that life circles around mistakes and trials but that it’s all surmountable. The painting accurately describes the way that the artist sees the way the life begins and ends; the way that we start as the girl in white—innocent and hopeful and young—and that we end as the lady in black—feeling morose and sad and as though life has slipped away all too suddenly. The way that she looks at the girl in red implies that the painter thinks that in our old age all we have to look back on is the choices we made, the friends we choose to keep, and the happiness that we choose to create. Though this was painted in 1900, it very accurately represents our culture right now. It’s a reminder to seize the day, to live for the moment, to make the most of whatever phase of life you’re in so that you won’t look back at the end of life and regret choices or missed opportunities. This painting causes me to reflect on my life and the decisions that I make. It makes me want to focus more on being happy with the phase of life that I’m in and to appreciate being youthful and carefree. It reinforces the desire to not make decisions that will keep me out of the circle. The painting gives the feeling that life is to be enjoyed, and that no matter what it will keep going.

China’s Threat to the United States Economy

For the last twenty eight years, China has been quickly growing into one of the largest economies in the world. China has accomplished this feat, in part, by radically changing their policies on trade and free market interactions with other countries. During this process, China has bought approximately one hundred trillion dollars of United States debt in the form of Treasury bills, notes, bonds, and Inflation Protected Securities (Amadeo). This debt has given China leverage against the United States which has enabled China to keep the value of the United States dollar high, while keeping the value of the Chinese yuan low. As the inflation of the dollar continues to negatively affect the United States economy, China has become an economic superpower. Recently, concern has risen that China is a threat to the economy of the United States. China has become a perceived threat to the United States economy because of the increasing trade deficit between the two countries, the ability to undercut production costs of similar products produced in the United States, and the amount of leverage that China has over the United States due to the amount of money that has been lent by the Communist nation. Trade deficits between countries are caused when a country imports more goods from one country than they export to that same country. In the case of the United States and China, there is approximately a two hundred and twenty five billion dollar trade deficit (Prassad). The United States imports nearly three hundred and thirty five billion dollars worth of goods and services from China, while exporting only a little more than eighty billion dollars worth of goods and services to the growing economic power (CRS). The disparity in trade between the two countries results in a flooding of Chinese made products that force their United States competitors to lower production costs. In many cases, lowering production cost of domestic products results in either the closing of these businesses or the outsourcing of jobs. Both of these cause the loss of jobs in the United States. One of the reasons that the United States has been unable to lessen the trade deficit is China’s ability to undercut production costs of similar products made in the United States (Elwell 27) China’s overall cost of living is much lower than their United States counterparts (Amadeo). Therefore, they are able to produce goods and hire labor at a much lower price. One of the main reasons for this economic statistic is China’s population. It is nearly three times that of the United States, giving China a much larger work force to produce electronics, automobiles, and clothing at a fraction of the United States production cost (CIA). Not only does this negatively affect employment in the United States, but it also impacts their ability to compete on the global market. Industries that involve manufacturing, such as automobiles, computers, and electronics have decreased by thirty four percent since 1998 (Prasad). This has a negative effect on the amount of goods that the United States can export. Finally, China has gained a certain amount of leverage affecting the United States economic policies, due in part, to the amount of money that China has loaned the United States. Starting in the early 1980’s, every time the value of the dollar would drop, China would buy Treasury bills, notes, bonds, and Inflation Protected Securities to keep the dollar stable in value (Elwell 36). After nearly thirty years of this practice, the United States has come to depend on Chinese loans to maintain its currency value and China has come to own a majority of United States debt. This imbalance of debt has created a number of different scenarios that could bring about potential political and economic problems for the United States. China could theoretically cash in their treasuries and bonds tomorrow, which would cause the United States dollar to suffer massive inflation. While this scenario is not necessarily in China’s best interest right now, the possibility should concern the United States government. Instead, China could use their debt leverage to impact foreign trade policies and more importantly domestic political policies that budget how the United States spends its tax dollars (Elwell 22). China has become a perceived threat to the U. S. economy because of the increasing trade deficit between the two countries, their ability to undercut production costs of similar products produced in the United States, and the amount of leverage that China has over the United States due to amount of money that has been lent by China. Although the United States has taken steps to close the trade deficit, such as convincing China to raise prices on their exports, there is still a considerable gap (Prasad). The United States government continues to print money that they simply can’t afford, therefore, relying even more heavily on China sustaining the value of their currency. Unless the United States is able to close the trade deficit and regain control of our economic flexibility, the problems caused by foreign countries owning our debt will remain eminent.

Causes and Treatments of Pedophilia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Causes and Treatments of Pedophilia - Essay Example It is a controversial topic, one of both loathing and one of endearment; victims are marred, offenders gratified. The presence of pedophilia causes society to react, to always be on the defensive. Similarly, such a diseasing, injurious obsession is challenging to society for a number of reasons. For one, pedophilia is not easily detected--it is not visible. Even though the act itself is a physical one, the sexual desire that is present inside of an adult for a child is secreted from the world. Secondly, those that are afflicted with pedophilia are reluctant to come clean about their lust for children. Accepting responsibility for their actions is as demanding as acknowledging that their addiction to nonconsenting or even consenting children is unethical. Thirdly, monitoring pedophilia is problematical. The difficulty arises because the majority of pedophiles are not registered as sex offenders and have limitless access to children. In addition, children seem to be just as reluctant t o confess as the offender. Due to its insidiousness, pedophilia, arguably, produces great shame in the individual. Why else would most sex offenders choose to hide what they cherish the most from the rest of the world Pedophilia is onerous to everyone involved, children, parents of the children, the offender, and to psychological clinicians. ... DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) describes it as atypical sexual disorders typified by "recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors generally involvingchildren or other nonconsenting persons that occur over a period of 6 months" (Malin, Paraphilias, 32). But, even with a clear definition of pedophilia, a precise or a specific answer to its cause remains blurred. It then becomes necessary to look beyond definitional answers and lean more towards the psychology of this particular disorder. Malin notes, some individuals that are laden with incontrollable sexual urges have these impulses as "a result of brain trauma, neoplasms, temporal lobe damage, or epilepsy and may manifest as hyposexuality or hypersexuality, particularly in men" (33). Accordingly, other "psychiatric conditions such as feeble mindedness" attribute to a heightened desire for sexual activity, i.e. "masturbation, or nocturnal pollutions" (33). These two part icular acts, masturbation and nocturnal pollution, give psychologists a foundation when attempting to determine certain causes for pedophilia, especially in seemingly normal persons. In a similar vein, masturbation, nocturnal pollutions, and pedophilia are unique. These are phenomena that seem to be associated with males more so than females, which generates another theory. In his study, Malin found that: such excessive stimulation need not always be intentional. For example, one theory enjoying some degree of acceptance in early psychoanalytic circles was that infants born to hereditary tainted mothers were predisposed to develop a fur fetish by coming into contact with their mother's pubic hair during birth (33). This, however, is the least likely cause.

Walt Disney Cartoons Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Walt Disney Cartoons - Essay Example Asians, African Americans, Native Americans, and people from the Middle East are portrayed along racial lines. Some characters have hatred towards lesbians and gay men. The homosexuals are secluded and experience violence and hostility from other characters. This has a negative impact on homosexuals in the society watching these cartoons and other children develop negative attitudes towards homosexuals. Sexism is evident in several Disney cartoons, which portrays girls negatively. Girls and women are grossly underrepresented in films and cartoons, which represents a missed opportunity to present them in non-sexualized roles. The cartoons derive their values from the sexual appeal or behavior portrayed by their sexual attractiveness. Majority of the children’s programs contain animations and cartoons. These cartoons contain sexualizing images of girls and women. Disney portrays female characters with more cleavage, fewer clothes and are presented as sexier than those of former years. An example is The Little Mermaid where the female characters expose their cleavage and are scantily dressed. These characters are depicted as sexier than those in Cinderella or Snow White. These animations have great potential to influence girls and young teens paying every detail to the characters. Girls are primarily portrayed as domestic, concerned with their appearance and interested in boys. This overemphasizes their own self as romantic objects (Lacroix, 2004). In The Little Mermaid and Beauty and the Beast, Disney has constructed the heroines in extreme idealized forms of white femininity. The heroines are characterized as assertive and intelligent figures who take on adventures. The heroines are empowered in their actions, and idealized beauty is affirmed by their dressing. In this light, the texts form part of the popular discourse of femininity which encourages women to internalize gendered body norms. Women want to expose themselves in order to achieve the feminine character contained in the movies.

Aspects of Alzheimers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Aspects of Alzheimers - Essay Example According to the essay the other aspect is the issue of stress management; where one is required to balance their blood pressure due to the relationship between Alzheimer’s and high blood pressure. This is because; the stress hormone, cortisol conducts extensive damage in the memory cells of the brain. In this light, as one ages or develops illnesses, the body loses the natural ability to regulate cortisol levels in the blood. Therefore, it is crucial to learn how to balance stress to avoid memory loss and improve retention.This paper outlines that  regular exercise is vital to the prevention as in nursing, one is always busy tending to the needs of patients to the extent there is little time for oneself. This is terms of mental and physical exercise; where one should exercise twenty minutes daily to keep the brain active. All these, in the nursing profession, require an almost total overhaul on one’s lifestyle to keep up with a healthy body and avoid the risk of cont racting Alzheimer’s due to inactivity and poor diet this is all under the guise of a busy schedule and a demanding profession. The most interesting facts about Alzheimer’s in my opinion lie in the prevention of the said condition. This is because; prevention of the condition is based on a few tweaks to one’s lifestyle in order to keep the likelihood of the condition from occurring and living healthy.  Such tweaks in the lifestyle include maintaining a healthy diet as it influences one’s memory.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Engineering Design Flow Contributing To the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Essay

Engineering Design Flow Contributing To the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster - Essay Example The researcher suggests that perhaps April 1986 was the worst tragedy in the global nuclear history, considering that Russia was among the leading nations as far as nuclear energy production was concerned. However, the Chernobyl plant encountered the worst engineering disasters that led to its decommissioning barely a decade and a half into operation. One of the nuclear reactors under test exploded under intense pressure, spewing tons of nuclear waste into the atmosphere. Several people, including plant technicians and engineers, absorbed significant levels of radiation from the accident. The team from Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and some government operatives initially briefed the locals about the impending disaster. Although the local people were told not to worry because the explosion was a slight problem that the plan engineers dealing with it, nuclear waste was already spreading across the entire area. The government had to evacuate all the residents of Prypiat city within 24 hours because of the radiation effect that resulted from the leakage of nuclear waste into the atmosphere. By magnitude, the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster was the worst accident in global nuclear history. Nuclear experts believe that Chernobyl and the area around it are still contaminated with nuclear waste presently. To understand the events and circumstances that led to the unfortunate accident, it is worth examining the real causes of the accident, whether it was human cause or the causes were beyond human control.

Week One Discussion Questions (Mgt-437) Project Management Essay

Week One Discussion Questions (Mgt-437) Project Management - Essay Example A project’s focus looks at the strategic tilt of the business as the project gives the indication whether or not the success will be achieved for the different business entities and how the same will shape up the future realms of the business in the long run. 2. What is a project life cycle? How do project life cycles differ among organizations? To what degree does the structure of the project life cycle used by the organization affect the project manager’s job? Explain your answer. A project life cycle is a series of steps that are taken in order to reach the end goal within a project itself. It is important that a project life cycle is apparently drawn in order to assist the project team members in understanding the work domains. Project life cycles differ amongst organizations because they depend upon the nature of the project work, their deadline requirements that need to be taken care of and the stakeholders who will be directly or indirectly affected by the project in essence. The project manager’s job is seriously affected by the project life cycle because it makes him wait for certain activities to end before he could align the other project deliverables. The need for understanding the time glitches and work requirements is essential for a project manager in order to deliver value. A project stakeholder is a person who is directly or indirectly affected by the project’s results. Some examples of project stakeholders include the people who have invested heavily within the project’s domains as well as those who remain within the background but are linked with the project on a very constant basis. The stakeholders of a project are also comprised of the people who will be affected by the outcome of a project in the long run. When stakeholders are not identified and addressed early on in the project, the projects get affected by such incidents in a very

Public relation campaign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public relation campaign - Essay Example However, its business is also contributed towards the non-pharmaceutical sources, specifically the crop protection industry accounting for 60% of non pharmaceutical business. Huntingdon Life Sciences uses animals in the biomedical research conducted by it for its customers. In UK around 60,000 animals are annually used. This number is further broken down by species like fish, bird, mouse, rat and other mammals. In the field of non clinical CRO, HLS is the third largest in the world but it is better known to general public as the target of animal rights campaign of high profile. Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty (SHAC), the animal rights group, has mainly orchestrated the campaign. Issues involved with Huntingdon Life Sciences Huntingdon Life Sciences has been criticised by the group of animal welfare and animal rights for using animals in research for abusing animals and for testing wide range of substances, particularly non-medical products on animals. It has been claimed by SHAC that around 500 animals died everyday at HLS. A film was recorded secretly inside HLS in UK which was subsequently broadcasted on television channel as â€Å"It’s a Dog’s Life† showing serious breaches of animal protection laws. It has also shown the taunting of animals and a puppy held up by scruff of neck and was repeatedly punched in face. The laboratory technicians responsible for this activity were suspended from HLS after this broadcast. The campaign of Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty is based in US and UK which aimed to close the company Huntingdon Life Sciences. The methods of campaign are the direct action which are non-violent and demonstrations and lobbying. It not only targets HLS but any institution, company or person doing business allegedly with laboratory, whether as suppliers, clients, cleaning and disposal services and employees of those companies. So, HLS was forced to set up its own security, laundry service, catering and delivery as the outside su ppliers doing business with it declined. The campaign against HLS led to crash of its share price. The Royal Bank of Scotland closes its bank account and the British government arranged for the state owned Bank of England to give them an account. The share price of company fell down and was dropped from New York Stock Exchange as its market capitalisation fall below NYSE limits. The British Government then took decision to tackle the problem of extremism of animal rights. There was an enactment of a police campaign called Operation Achilles against SHAC, involving police officers in Amsterdam, England and Belgium. 32 people linked to the group were arrested and seven leading members of SHAC were found guilty of blackmail. As a consequence of the operation, most violent activists were jailed. Public relation campaign Following the major issues involved with Huntingdon Life Sciences, a suitable public relation campaign can be proposed to improve the public perception of company and to counteract the negative effects of animal rights lobby. Public relations refer to the forms of planned communication, both inward and outward, which occurs between an organisation and public in order to achieve specific objectives with effect

Service Marketing Take Home Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Service Marketing Take Home Exam - Essay Example My educational experience has therefore been benefited by these unique characteristics as I have gained a realization of the solitary strengths that remain within the midst of service marketing. I am sure that this will make me realize even more differentiating features in the coming times. Service firms need to have a clear cut direction as to what exactly they want to achieve since services keep on changing with the advent of time. Further, these service firms must realize that they need to give something extra and not just focus on the provision of service alone. The customers look up to these service firms for quality and hence value addition is indeed the order of the day. Moreover these service firms must ensure that they meet the needs of the time and have a very significant niche within the competition that becomes fast every now and then. Lastly, in order to achieve success across the service domains, it is very important that the service firms make use of products from time to time so that an element of tangibility remains with the customers of the service. This is important as the changing times will witness added features for the sake of service firms. Services are usually appreciated by people because these are more personal in nature and hence suit the needs of the people. The element of person-centric forms the basis of their liking and disliking in the long run. Thus it would be correct to state that services are usually dependent on the people in a number of different ways, all of which lead towards brand loyalty and associations. Another reason is that the service domains change over a period of time and usually the element of improvement forms the cornerstone of any service, which indeed is a plus point when spoken about the brand loyalty aspects of service firms. The last reason is that services tend to change on the basis of consumers’ moods,

Police and Criminal Evidence Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8750 words

Police and Criminal Evidence - Coursework Example The boundaries between its strict application and exercise of discretion shall be presented for the purpose of shedding more light to the public. It will include examination of all relevant decisions of the courts so that the factors affecting the exercise of discretion could be clearly identified. It will also include a study of connecting the policies with the actual practice in courts. Thus, legal as well as practical recommendations shall be made in the end. As a general rule, criminal laws are enacted in order to protect the society from unscrupulous elements of the law and vindicate the rights of the victims, which have been violated by the suspects. These laws lay down the specific acts which, when committed, create a demandable right, both on the state and the individual, to pursue the suspect and indict him for the malfeasance committed. Thus, justice on the part of the victim could be obtained by merely proving the existence of probable cause against the suspect so that the police authorities could immediately act and apprehend the suspect for prosecution and trial. On the other hand, criminal procedure as embodied in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) lays down the policies as well as th... Thus, justice on the part of the victim could be obtained by merely proving the existence of probable cause against the suspect so that the police authorities could immediately act and apprehend the suspect for prosecution and trial. On the other hand, criminal procedure as embodied in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) lays down the policies as well as the limitations to be observed by the police that will serve as guidance to the magistrates who will handle the case. One of the issues embraced therein is the admissibility of evidence procured by the police thru means not sanctioned by law. In short, the question is whether or not the court, for purposes of convicting the accused, should accept the evidence illegally obtained by the police authorities. Those who oppose the proposition base their arguments on the legal maxim that such kind of evidence is 'a fruit of the poisonous tree' and therefore must not be used. No amount of evidence, no matter how substantial it would be, could justify its use for the conviction of an accused, which, incidentally, is always presumed to be innocent unless proven beyond reasonable doubt. Hence, the end does not justify the means. Indeed, if conviction of an accused will lie on evidence that has been obtained in violation of the latter's rights, absolute justice will still not prevail as in the process, injustice was also meted to the accused. This should not be the case of the English judicial system. On the other hand, adherents of the proposition stand firm on the logic of the maxim, 'The end justifies the means.' It has been argued that justice to the victims should not be

The History of the Animal Testing Controversy Essay

The History of the Animal Testing Controversy - Essay Example animal testing stated that scientists are mislead by the statements that the body of animals is different and that the suffering of pain has a different impact on animals. O’Meara had also commented about the ethical issues associated with animal testing, the gain made by human beings and the extent of harm to animals. But in 1865, Claude Bernand known as the prince of vivisection and father of physiology states that "the science of life is a superb and dazzlingly lighted hall which may be reached only by passing through a long and ghastly kitchen" (qtd in The history of animal testing). Bernand indicates that there should be no consideration on animals that they have feeling, get hurt, and are entitled to live (The history of animal testing). William Harvey is an English physician of the early seventeenth century. He is known for vivisection and related findings about the circulation of blood and his work was mainly aimed to discredit the beliefs of Galen. The same century saw the uprising of anti-vivisectionist agitation. Edmund O’Meara from Ireland and Jean Riolan Jr. exposed the violent and painful death of vivisected animals (there was no anesthesia during those times) and the exposure of animals to an unnatural state that could delver only misleading theory about the functioning of a vivisected animal (Vivisection – An Ancient History). There is a growing controversy about the authenticity of animal testing because animals are not humans and products tested for response from animal need not necessarily result in the same response from human beings. Hence cruelty and torture towards animal by injecting products into animals, rubbing products on the skin, forceful inhalation and spraying products into eyes cannot be justified. The latest controversies are generated by the Animal Welfare Act that demands companies to state, the number of animals used for testing. Since birds, mice and rats are excluded from the list of animals it has become simple for

Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Question - Essay Example 486). This view gives hegemony between deafness and deafhood. While deafness is a medical condition, deafhood represents a continuous struggle by deaf people to explain their existence to the world (Hauser 2010, p. 486). Deafhood, in this case, is interpreted as a process rather than an end that characterizes the perception of deafness. In this view, the world should recognize deaf people as normal but different. In describing normal, the term recognizes deaf people as individuals capable of emotions and rationality just as other hearing people do (Ladd 2003, p. 176). In describing different, however, the term recognizes deaf people as individuals facing different challenges from hearing people. The medical definition of deaf people has characterized them as strange and helpless people who demand help from the hearing people. This means the society typified the deaf as people who are less capable of surviving in an ordinary world. In essence, deaf people are just normal people whose langu age system differs from the hearing people ((Ladd 2005, p. 13). Oralism and audism, therefore, are great challenges for deaf people in defining themselves to the world. The society symbolically participates in eugenics in order to define a distinct way in which every person should define oneself. This occurs as the society highlights the traits it considers as positive and the traits it considers as negative (Ladd 2003, p. 18). In a physical sense, the society invests in activities such as genetic engineering, genocide, and selective breeding as a means of identifying the part of the population it deems fit for life. Oralism is an educational philosophy that focuses on the development of speech and listening skills (Ladd 2005, p. 13). This philosophy constrains the individuality of deaf people by claiming that if everyone is taught reading through lips and auditory input, they eventually attain

Applying the six dimensions to the study of Judaism Essay

Applying the six dimensions to the study of Judaism - Essay Example In fact, the giving of the covenant is what they believe makes the Jewish people the â€Å"chosen people,† and it is the one that also dictates their distinctive practices (dietary prohibitions and worship on the Saturday Sabbath for instance), practices that gives them distinction from others. Meanwhile, accounts of the creation of the world by one God, as written in the first book of the Torah (The Genesis—also in the Bible), shows the mythical component of Judaism as a religion. This narrative also shows that God blessed Abraham to be the â€Å"father of a great nation† (basicjudaism.org 2007). While the Christian Bible also believes in this account, this puts the Jews as direct descendants of Abraham the recipient of the blessings of God and eternal salvation, which is not open to other peoples or â€Å"gentiles† (which is contrary to Christian doctrine). The major doctrinal dimension of Judaism is the Torah, where the 613 laws and commandments are given to the Jewish people (basicjudaism.org 2007). It includes the giving of the law of God, the creation of the Jewish holidays and dietary restrictions, and even on the proper codes and manners of worship. Although it is true that the Torah also consists of the first five books of the Bible, Christians place an emphasis on the New Testament, which is not believed by the Jews. This is the reason why the belief in the Torah also contributes to the distinctive identity of Judaism. One of the major ethical dimensions of Judaism is also found in the Torah, specifically on the books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy (basicjudaism.org 2007). It is in these books where the dietary restrictions of the Jews (such as prohibitions on pork and ducks), as well as on how to treat women. In addition, it also shows the role of religious authorities in handling disputes among the people. These distinct

Law Reviews on Lexis- The Tort Reform Legislation in the State of Ohio Research Paper

Law Reviews on Lexis- The Tort Reform Legislation in the State of Ohio - Research Paper Example For these reasons, there have been several tort reforms championed by reform proponents on various changes aimed at correcting the perceived wrongs. These changes include the burden of damage caps, changes made in the substantive tort law, judicial oversight, and time limit for filing claims, and the limitations on the attorney’s fees. This legal memo will primarily focus on a single state, the State of Ohio given that most of the tort reforms in the U.S have been focused on states simply because issues of tort have been for many years thought of as local matters. However, at the national level, significant efforts have also been made to implement tort reforms both judicially and legislatively. We can find efforts of state tort reforms in several decisions that were largely adopted such as the influential decision in Heningsen v. Bloomfield Motors which was described as pioneering the fall of the citadel due to its attack on abrogation of the doctrine of privity and for its ve ry broad policies. Other landmark decisions included the adoption of the strict liability tort in the case of Greenman v. Yub Power products, inc., in the Supreme Court of California, and the Larsen v. General Motor Corp. case which recognized the crashworthiness doctrine. These decisions are the once considered to have triggered the revolution of tort reform which paid much attention on products liability 39 Akron L. Rev. 909. The General Assembly in the State of Ohio has countered certain actions of the judicial process, which are seen to have created some sort of imbalance in the law, which offers special treatment. These include three different and unique set of cases of which two correspond to the influential decision in Larsen, Greenman, and Henningsen. In the case of Temple v. Wean United, Inc., the court assumed the strict liability in tort as articulated in section 402A of the restatement. This included the comments in that restatement, and in so doing, the court rejected c ontributory negligence as a way of defense. In an earlier case of Lonzrick v. Republic Steel Corp., the court further clarified its decision by recognizing the strict liability in warranty without privity. In the case of Jones v. VIP Development Co. and Blankenship v. Cincinnati Milacron Chemicals, Inc., the court extended the intentional exception to workers compensation immunity tort by articulating that it only applied to where injury was certain to happen. Finally, the court adopted the seminal decision of enhanced injury or crashworthiness in the case of Leichtamer v. American Motors Corp. 39 Akron L. Rev. 909, 909-911. In Ohio State a plaintiff is not barred from recovering damages, which have proximately and directly been caused by the conduct of other persons, one or more. In the case where it is considered that the contributory fault clause of the plaintiff in question is less than that of the combined tortuous conduct of all the other parties of whom the plaintiff seek rec overy of damages, his/her (the plaintiff) recovery is reduced by a sum that is proportionate to the percentage of the plaintiff’s tortuous conduct Ohio Rev. Code Ann.  §Ã‚  2315.33. A good example of tort reform include the Ohio state revised Code section 2315.19 which addresses comparative negligence statute which does not affect the strict liability in any way. This is considered by many, a pro-injured statute which for long has been viewed by scholars as a means of ensuring greater

Civic Punishment or Private Revenge Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Civic Punishment or Private Revenge - Case Study Example A presentation of the fragmented accusations of Euphiletus' accusers will be offered in order to clarify some of the rhetorical strategies that Euphiletus' utilizes in his defense speech. Finally, some concluding remarks on how adultery, crimes of passion and homicide were understood then and now. There is some evidence to suggest that the ethical internals of Euphiletus' defense were intended to generate sympathy among the judges (Herman 407). By presenting himself as deceived husband and victim, Euphiletus is attempting minimally to provide an emotional basis for his desire to kill Eratosthenes. This is important for if Euphiletus wanted to portray himself as an Athenian gentleman whose moral composition represented the mainstream of Hellenistic society, then his act represents the logical consequence of a man whose wife has been caught in flagrante delicto with another man. If it was the case that such an act could not have been conscionable under such conditions then the Euphiletus' strategy would be counterproductive as his demeanor would be interpreted as the manifestation of a morally eccentric minority. However, it is not to suggest that Euphiletus wished to portray himself as a jealous husband fueled with righteous and murderous rage. Rather, at every step as will be shown later he presents himself a mediated actor of the law, merely the hand of the law rather than its head or heart. In fact, he wishes to show that Eratosthenes was not murdered but executed by him and was only done so by him on mere coincidence that it was his wife with whom Eratosthenes had slept (Harris 365). Thus, Euphiletus wishes to draw out the tensions inherent in two antithetical codes of conduct: 1) an older, de-centralized, tribal one in which honor and vengeance played integral roles and 2) a more evolved centralized code of conduct in which democratically endorsed values were mutually agreed upon and enforced communally (Herman 408). By engendering a feeling of vengeance while simultaneously negating its causative role in this act, Euphiletus paradoxical strategy gives a path in which the Athenian judges can acquit Euphiletus on the grounds that the act was one of civic punishment while concomitantly acknowledging the obvious vengeful passions that were aroused duri ng the incident itself. He begins by laying out the task before him, which is to convince the jury that Eratosthenes' killing was prompted by the debauchery of his wife via seduction and the disgrace tendered therein and for no other reason, " that this was the one and only enmity between him and me; that I have not acted thus for the sake of money" (Lamb 1.4). It is important that money or other enmity do not prefigure in any manner for Euphiletus' case, as that would have invalidated the laws for which the type of justified homicide he wished to claim happened. If indeed money or other enmity figured in this case, as his accusers had apparently tried to impute, it would simply be premeditated murder in

Bottled Water Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bottled Water - Coursework Example Beyond the realm of health concerns, which are satisfied by using bottled water, what actually needs to be justified is the price we pay for it, both environmentally and economically. Even though the water purification procedures are expensive, and they destroy certain minerals during the treatment, they still ensure water purity. Alongside this, the recyclable bottles help in environmental conservation rather than further polluting the environment. Comparatively, tap water is prone to be contaminated by hazardous pollutants from underground seepage and water pollution. But it is important to understand that the lack of few minerals is better than drinking contaminated water and endangering lives. As a result, both tap and bottled water are under scrutiny about their purity and mineral content. This has become an ongoing debate to justify which one of the either two is a better, viable option. As the argument above tends to support the cleanliness of bottled-water, the prime concern of everyone should be to protect their lives without compromising it at the hands of impure drinking water. Hu, Zhihua., Morton, L.W., & Mahler, R.L. (2011). Bottled Water: United States Consumers and Their Perceptions of Water Quality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8,

Violent video game Essay Example for Free

Violent video game Essay Violent video games are successfully marketed to youth and are easily obtained regardless of age and easily obtained by children and adolescents. Violent video games become top best sellers because violent video games are popular with male and female children, adolescent, and adults. Even the U. S. government sees through this point; they have created and distribute the violent game like America’s Army to youth without checking the ages of which whom can download this game from the internet or can be obtained from recruiting offices. The main factor studies of violent video games that conclude with a general discussion of several key issues, including: developmental issues, game effect on children, average time child spend playing video game, beneficial environmental effects, and bias towards violent video games. Video games have become a ubiquitous form of entertainment in the United Stated; they are behind only television in popularity. Video game first emerged in the 1970s, but it was during the 1990s, that violent games truly came of age. Starting in the late 1980s, video game producers experimented with what the public would accept in video games. Gradually it became clear that games sold better if the contained more violence, such as: a fighting game one-on-one like Double Dragon, Mortal Combat, or Street Fighter games became all time best sellers (Anderson 6). The second most popular from entertainment after television, video games have rapidly became the largest segment of the entertainment industry, taking in 6. 3 dollars to 8. 8 billion dollars in 1998, compared with 5. 2 billion dollars in Hollywood box office receipts. For now, video game can be played at home on a computer or a television, which more option choice to become top market in America (Espejo 9). For that reason, the violence in video games is cause for concern. Numerous studies have found a correlation between violent video games and increased aggression in children. In addition, several popular video games may be teaching children how to kill by simulating the techniques used to train soldiers for combat. The skills acquired from these games are tragically evident in recent school shootings perpetrated by teens who were heavy users of video games (Espejo 9). Therefore, the Federal Court of Appeals decided to ban the sell or rental the violent video games to minors. According to Kenny Knudson, twelve years old boy, said even the government or his parent did not allow him to rent or buy violent video games, but he would properly find it at his friend’s house (â€Å"Violent Video Games and Kids Ruling. ). To protect children from violence, parents should carefully consider a suitable rating game for their children. If parents and rating systems do not prevent these games from falling into the wrong hands then banning them is a step that needs to be taken. Video games can have both positive and negative impacts on children. According to Douglas A. Centie, the video games have both positive and negative effect on children and that parents need to be aware of each. The positive effect from games on children is highly motivating. Video games are natural teachers, and they provide repeated practice for skillful play. Video games have been shown to teach children the attitudes, skills, and behaviors that they were designed to teach. They also can have negative effect. According research by Centie, time spent playing video games has negative correlation with academic performance. Playing violent games has a positive correlation with antisocial and aggressive behavior. Content analyses show that a majority of games contain some violence. A majority of fourth to eighth-grade children prefer violent games (Hamilton 24-25). Parents need to set limits on the time their children spend playing games and make sure the content of games is suitable for the child. The average time children spend playing video games has been increasing since 1980. In the mid-1980s, children averaged about four hours a week playing video games, and in early 1990s, the average amount was still fairly low. In result, girls spent time about two hours of home play per week, and about four hours of home play per week for boys. By the mid 1990s, home use had increased for fourth-grade girls to 4. 5 hours per week, and to 7. 1 hours per week for fourth-grade boys. This same sample of fourth-graders reported that most of their favorite video games were violent. According to recent national surveys of parents, school-age children devote about seven hours per week playing video games. In a recent survey of over six-hundred eighth and ninth- grade students, children averaged nine hours per week of playing video game by averaging thirteen hours for boys and five hours per week for girls, and it seems to be increasing every year (Anderson 7). It became clear that both boys and girls are spending more time with video games. Video games are highly beneficial because they give children a unique interactive learning environment and far from harmful. The interactive element of video games benefits children because it imparts the fundamental thinking skills needed for creativity and problem solving. Playing video games is inherently similar to interactive activities such as chess or playing the piano except that video games are stigmatization of video games ultimately discourages children from learning (Espejo 53). David Deutsch believes games are far from harmful, he asked, â€Å"Why do so many adults hate them? What evidence is there that there is anything bad about them? (Espejo 54)† Violent video games have the correlations between video games and violent behavior can be explained by being attracted from violent entertainment. According to Ron Wilburn, he believes video game violence is harmless fantasy, and it is not a main factor in youth violence. Children raised in households where they are treated with respect are able to differentiate between fantasy and reality (Biscontini). In the following, Christopher J. Ferguson argues that violent video games do not cause people to be violent. According to his research, there is no good evidence linking violent video games with aggression, violent behavior or any other key word of â€Å"harm. † He consistently found that violent games are not related to violent criminal behaviors or aggression. Frequent players of violent video games are no more likely to commit violent crimes that non-gamers (Hamilton). In addition, if video games do cause juvenile to be violent, then violent crime should be more increased as youth play violent video games, but the rate for juvenile violent crimes has fallen 49. 3 percent between 1995 and 2008, while video game sales have became top in the same period(Video Games ProCon. org. ). Parents need to be involved with their children; it is good for he or she to think and learn to understand and teach his or her children to avoid and not to follow evil side that come with the game’s story. Violent video games have been blamed for school shootings, increases in bullying, and violence towards women. There are two example incidents in Japan that people put the blame on games when it came to violent action. Reported by BBC news in June 2008, Tomohiro Kato, a twenty-five years old guy, drove a large white van on the side of the road at a busy intersection in the Akihabara district of Tokyo, and he went after the crowd and tried to kill them. The second incident, at the same year in January, a sixteen years old boy attacked five people with kitchen knives. Two people injured from the attacking in a Tokyo shopping street. Reports say it is still a little early to say what provoked the attack, but the police point these incidents might be caused from imitation to action games because both of them like playing video game (Hogg). Does game really become a conclusion for violent action status? There is some limited evidence that explicit discussions with children and adolescents about the harmful effects of media violence and the inappropriateness of aggressive and violent solutions to interpersonal conflicts, and practice at thinking about potential nonviolent solutions to conflict, all guided by parents or other adult authority figures, might reduce the harmful effects of exposure to media violence. Furthermore, parents who merely play violent video game with their children are likely to make matter worse, rather than better. Additionally, suppose children are for some reason unhappy with their daily’s life. Playing video games is something they never get from real life. It is not the video game that is doing them harm, it is that they have been funneled down a blind alley and not let out. The thing to do is to let them out by not stealing his last remaining source of joy and learning. Parents should offer them something which they might prefer, try conversation, try anything; if that does not work, do not blame the video game. Be thankful that there is still something good in the children’s life, to tide them over. However, parents or guardians are responsible for knowing if their children are able to handle violent video games without resorting to violence in reality. Parents should use the right power to lead their children play the right rating video game because video game play can and does have effects of both positive and negative attitudes and behaviors. Works Cited Anderson, Craig Alan, Douglas A. Gentile, and Katherine E. Buckley. Violent Video Game Effects on Children and Adolescents: Theory, Research, and Public Policy. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007. Print. Biscontini, Tracey Vasil. Youth Violence. Greenhaven Press: Detroit, 2007. Print. Haugen, David M. Video Games. Detroit: Greenhaven/Thomson Gale, 2008. Print. Espejo, Roman. Video Games. Greenhaven Press: San Diego, 2003. Print. Hamilton, Jill. Video Games. Detroit: Greenhaven, 2011. Print. Video Games ProCon. org. Video Games ProCon. org. ProCon. org. 13 Mar. 2012. Web. 05 Apr. 2012. . â€Å"Violent Video Games and Kids Ruling. Consumer Watch. KSBW. 9 Feb. 2009. Television. Hogg, Chris. Bewilderment in Tokyo after Attack. BBC News. 6 Aug. 2008. Web. 5 Apr. 2012.

The Importance of the English Language in Your Field of Expertise Essay Example for Free

The Importance of the English Language in Your Field of Expertise Essay The English Language has been a tool to bring people of different races, and cultures together. For many hundreds of years as this language has evolved and has sown its influence from continental Europe to the New World by wave of migrants and conquerors. At present, because of the power of influence by the Commonwealth Nations (those who have recognized the United Kingdom) up to these present day, the English language has been used and adopted by almost every nation as a second language. In this world of extreme globalization, cultures and nations has been crisscrossing in almost all corners of the world and they can basically to the very least speak only the most popular language used by millions of people in our world , the English language, to convey their feelings, interests, messages to one another. No other language has that influence even with the billions of Chinese People speaking their own language, they also learned to embrace the English Language to be competitive. They cannot isolate themselves to their own country since that would be very detrimental to their growth as a nation. Speaking of competitiveness, even the curriculum taught by schools has the English language as their primary medium of instruction. Every single country has adopted English to their academics. All fields, from science, history, culture, politics, and philosophy, to name a few, adopted the English language to expand their respective pursuits. In the medical field, where I am currently pursuing midwifery, English language has been the accepted communication and teaching tool for us students to grasp the concepts needed for me to know and get the necessary skills to be a midwife. The English Language has allowed the midwifery to be taught with ease to the Filipino students since most if not all of the textbooks and resources about midwifery are written in the English language. Numerous authors of these various resources have a comprehensive base of data to fully teach the science of midwifery. So it is but natural for educational institutions to adapt resources in the English language to train their midwifery students. By using instructions in English, the midwifery graduates can become very competitive as they join the workforce not only in the different health institutions in the country but in different countries as well. Globalization again has a role in here. Many workers have aspired to work abroad to give a comfortable life for their families. But in order to become worthy of working abroad, once must be efficient in skills to do his job. Such is the case in becoming a midwife. Many countries especially in the Middle East has continue to look for midwives in the Philippines to augment its workforce because they know that the Philippines are not only skilful but command the English language effectively as well. They are looking for workers that can communicate with the constituents of these foreign nations. This is the reason why foreign companies has always look up to the Philippines are a rich source of quality workers and being efficient in English is always a plus for them. Hence, the English language has surely helped and raised the quality of midwifery graduates from our country that continue to be in demand here and abroad.

Globalisation in Industrial and Engineering Fields

Globalisation in Industrial and Engineering Fields Stephen Glaister Introduction: Globalisation has steered traditional industries into operating global production networks in poor countries with undefined health and safety policy. During the past decades, these countries have seen rapid economic and industrial development due to the implementation of weak policies. This has made leading industries take advantage of less stringent health, safety and environmental controls and procedures. In general, most developing countries have undervalued health and safety regulation with the ultimate aim of attracting new investment (Raj-Reichert, 2013). There has been a growth in health and safety implications in Asian states such as India and China. This essay critically discusses legal, moral and ethical considerations for an organisation in a western economy when it contemplates outsourcing potentially highly hazardous activities to a developing nation where the legal and management controls may be of a lower standard (Chan, 2003). The essay starts with an analysis on the western and developing economies and industries. This is through analysing the composition of industries, industrialisation and globalisation and the economies. The second theme will be based on health and safety law in a national and international context. This is followed by moral and ethical aspects of health and safety management philosophy. Lastly, there is discussion on moral and ethical aspects health and safety development. Western and developing economies and industries: The development of industrialised nations started with the industrial revolution in the 1970s. The developed nations started with the heavy industries, engineering. For example, countries such as Britain were seen as the workshop of the world due to the growth of cotton and iron industries. Heavy industries have a high degree of mechanisation and are capital intensive. The industries have high pollution rates and have a negative impact on the environment. In addition, heavy industries have higher risks compared to the rest of the industries. Most of the traditional industries in the developed countries have moved to the developing countries through outsourcing. This includes the engineering and heavy industries which have a great negative health impact. Developing countries have taken hazardous industries with an aim of industrialisation which has led to negative environmental and health impacts (Raj-Reichert, 2013). Industrialisation and globalisation Globalisation refers to markets integration in the global economy. This is based on an increase in interconnections in the national economics. Globalisation is common in the commodity markets, financial, capital markets, sports and entertainments. Industrialisation is a term used to refer to the industrial revolution which was witnessed in the 19th century. It is one of the most fundamental transformations in the human history marked by the rise of industrial sector (Weiss, 2002). Countries started using machines in carrying out their work which had previously been done by people. Globalisation and industrialisation are interconnected. This is due to fact that the history of industrialisation shows a gradual globalisation process for the past four centuries. Industrialisation acted as the main impetus to globalisation. Through industrialisation, it was possible for social and political transformation which led to a capitalist society which globalisation is based on (Weiss, 2002). Through the open door policy, china was able to take advantage of globalisation and become the best outsourcing centre. China has been able to come up with a strong global outsourcing sector. Most of the industries have outsourced their manufacturing to china due to low costs of labour and industrial interconnectedness (ORourke, 2003). China has acted as an opportunity for the western firms due to the country large population and expanding economy. The country has the fastest growing economy and has limitless low cost labour and competitive production rates. China plays a very important role in the global manufacturing sector with most of the manufactured products being exported (Lin et al., 2008). The country has gained the top position in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Despite this, the high flow of FDI in the manufacturing sector has led to risks due to poor observance of Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) (Raj-Reichert, 2013). Economies Case: Garment manufacturing and silicon hazard in China With the FDIs flowing to the developing countries, there has been a lot of compromise on health and safety environment. Occupational health and safety is the most vital aspect in the workplace. Most of the industries that have moved to the developing economies in Asia, Africa and South America are associated with health and safety problems. An example is the garment manufacturing in China which is outsourced by major MNCs (Fan, 2015). China has a poor Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) which is based on poor coordination between the ministry responsible, bureaus and departments. A report released from south China province of Guangdong showed that the area was being used to produce about half of the world denim. With the rising trend in the pre-worn look, the denim industry in China has been using the sandblasting technique. This is a process where the denim is distressed through firing of abrasive sand under high pressure. This can be done using a machine or a hose with an air gun. It has been proved that these processes are being done in Chinese denim factories without use of proper safety equipment (Akgun et al., 2008). The outcome can lead to lung diseases such as silicosis which is caused by inhalation of silica dust. In addition, workers in these factories works for long hours without protection hence are exposed to diseases. There are also poor medical check-ups which endangers the employees health (Carter, 2012). Sand blasting by multinationals in China is still in use despite the harmful side effects to the workers health. This leads to unsafe and unhealthy working environment brought about by international firms (Akgun et al., 2008). Legal: Health and safety law in a national and international context Health and safety responsibilities and requirements imposed by law Based on the International Labour Organisation (ILO), there are set standards which an industry must uphold on occupational safety and health. The ILO conventions are aimed at guiding all countries in ensuring a safe workplace and ensuring that there is management of occupational health and safety programs. These conventions and recommendations on occupational health and safety are only legally binding if the member states ratify them. One of the most important ILO conventions on OHS has gained ratification from 37 out of all 175 member states. ILO employment injury benefits convention has been ratified by only 23 countries. This is a convention that lists the occupational diseases in which a worker is entitled to compensation. WHO has played a major role in OHS through provision of the technical aspects. Despite this, the limited funding has always been an impediment in the implementation of WHS laws by both ILO and WHO (International Labour Organisation, 2017). The high reliance on the international agencies to enforce OHS laws on the developing countries has been inadequate. This is due to fact that developing countries such as China have poor OHS laws and sees it as an exercise for the developed countries (Chan, 2003). Despite committing to several ILO conventions, China national WHS laws are weak and there have been poor enforcement. This is unlike the developed countries such as UK, Australia and USA which have strong domestic labour laws (International Labour Organisation, 2017). Worldwide influence and impacts of health and safety law Case: Toys outsourcing in China limitation, benefits and disparities Despite having global health and safety laws by the ILO, there has been laxity in their implementation especially in the developing countries. An example is China, which has been ignoring workplace health and safety laws in their FDIs. It has been proved that Chinese workers have been losing their lives working in the FDIs due to lack of OHS. China agreed to many of the ILO standards which were enacted in 2002 and also came up with their own standards. China laws calls for employees to be safe in their workplace. Despite this, the laws have not been enforced where economic goals have been given a priority (Chan, 2003). A case in point is the Chinese toys factories which are outsourced from USA. The factories can be considered as sweatshops where workers are paid poorly in poor working conditions. Inside these sweatshops, workers make products for American multinationals such as McDonalds, Mattel and Disney (Barboza, 2008). This has been a result of industrial interconnectedness broug ht about by globalisation. The main limitations are the fact that developing countries are ready to forego employees safety for the sake of profits. These countries lack proper structures on enforcing WHS laws as proposed by ILO. The main benefits are the fact that they provide employment to the citizens and the country is able to gain FDI. In addition, the Americans market is able to gain cheap products from these sweatshops. All this happens at the expense of workers health. There have been death, amputations and illness in the toy factories. Workers are exposed to toxic chemicals hence life threatening diseases (Lin et al., 2008). This is a case that led to lawsuits in America due to workers exploitation and exposure to unsafe working environment. National and international standards, policy and legislation There are major differences between developed and developing countries health and ethics. In developing countries, most of the workers are not covered by occupational health and safety laws. Moreover they lack access to the occupational health services. While some of the developing countries have adopted the international labour standards, they do not enforce them. An example is china which despite adopting ILO standards, it have not been implementing them (Chan, 2003). On the other hand, developed countries have strong OHS and labour laws. An example is the UK and USA. In the UK, Health and Safety Executive (HSE) have been working with the international bodies and other nations to enhance OHS. This includes developing, reviewing and negotiation on the international labour laws, safety codes and OHS. The country is well represented in various labour forums internationally. Developed countries are able to fully implement ILO and WHO standards. Despite this, when developed countries ou tsource, there have been cases where morals and ethics are lost. This is through investing in countries such as China which have questionable labour relations and environmental laws. Moral and Ethical: Health and safety management philosophy Evolution and background to health and safety management Case: China and Australia mining industry The evolution of health and safety management over the past 60 years has been caused by the social, political, economic and technological changes. Since the creation of the ILO in 1919, the protection of workers against sickness and injury related to their workplaces has been a priority. In fact, over 80% of the ILO instruments are based on ensuring occupational health and safety (International Labour Organisation, 2017). The management of health and safety has been improving to cover the social security, women, children on the issues of health and safety. This is especially in the developed countries with the developing countries lagging behind. A comparison between China and Australia mining industries gives insight on the evolution and background to health and safety management in developing and developed countries. This is due to accidents which can lead to death, injury or loss of property. In China, mining related fatalities accounted for about 10% of workplace fatalities in 20 06. This was 1000 times higher than developed countries such as Australia or USA. The main problem with Chinese health and safety at workplace is poor adoption of OHS laws (Wu et al., 2011). The country also suffers from inefficient management of workplace health and safety. Research shows that most of the workplace fatalities in china can be avoided through proper management of workplace health and safety. This is a sharp contrast to the developed countries where there is proper management of workplace health and safety. While Australia has been able to adopt and evolve with the WHS, China has been lagging behind (Lin et al., 2008). For example, Australia was able to adopt ILO conventions early and integrate them with their national health and safety laws. Australia has been more responsible in their workers health in the workplace compared to china (Donoghue, 2004). Health and safety management control models- ISO 18001/45001, and Hazardous Installations Directorate (HID) regulatory model Over the past 20 years, there have been increases in outsourcing activities. Research has shown that outsourcing in most cases leads to adverse impacts on the OHS (ORourke, 2003). This is especially due to fact that most of the outsourced countries have poor workplace health and safety laws exposing their workers to hazards. Hazardous waste management is risky due to financial, regulatory and safety requirements. This has led to most of the companies dealing with hazardous wastes to outsource in countries with less strict health and safety laws. Hazardous Installations Directorate (HID) has been dealing with regulation of major hazard industries which plays an essential role in everyday life. These are industries whose failure can lead to extensive damage to public and endanger workers and public health. The HID utilises a regulatory to regulate associated hazards and manage them (HSE, 2016b). OHS 18001 became ISO 45001 in 2016. This helped in making it an international standard rath er than a UK standard hence widening its scope. Based on the ISO/DIS 45001 Clause 8.3, it has become possible for the standard to control processes which are based on outsourcing. This ensures that outsourced processes which affect health and safety are well controlled. The firms are expected to minimise the health and safety impacts of their outsourced services (Batalas, 2014a). Companies outsourcing their services can no longer ignore health and safety of their outsourced processes. They must consider the risks involved and means to control them. Health and safety implementation and communication The world richest countries have been outsourcing hazardous materials, products and activities from the developing countries. This has led to a rising hazards in the developing countries. Most of the developing countries have been welcoming the move with disregard to the health and safety impacts. An example is China and India where hazardous industries have been set up with poor health and safety regulations (Chan, 2003). Despite this, the process of outsourcing to the developing countries has led to an improvement in social economic. There has been intense lobbying for MNCs outsourcing hazardous materials from the developing countries to observe health and safety. This has led to countries such as UK using the ISO 45001 and HID to ensure MNCs are responsible (HSE, 2016b). WHO have been advocating and communicating with the responsible governments to uphold health and safety when outsourcing hazardous materials. Moral and Ethical: Health and safety development Organisational Corporate Social Responsibility report Case: Apple and Sinopec CSR comparisons The concept of CSR, its meanings and practices varies based on the country cultural, political, social, economic and existing institutional framework. In China, companies have a different type of CSR reporting compared to western companies. This can be well illustrated by a comparison of CSR for Apple Computers of USA with Sinopec of China. Sinopec is a large integrated energy company in china. The corporation business ranges from oil exploration to producing and trading in gas and petroleum. Sinopec has always looked at CSR as a tool for business growth for the group. The company has worked to ensure that while looking for the profits, they do not compromise on the environment. The firm has worked hard to ensure that there is a reduction in harmful gas discharges. This is one of the most ethical Chinese organisations. Sinopec has a low carbon development strategy which has helped on reducing CO2 emissions. Despite this, the firm lags behind in OHS compared to Western countries count erparts (Pegg, 2012). Apple success been attributed to their ability to meet stakeholders needs. Despite this, Apple strategy is different from Sinopec in some ways. For example, the level of stakeholders engagement in Apple is higher than for Sinopec. The company have prioritised their customers by coming up with quality products. Employees at apple are well catered for through appropriate compensation and safe working environment. The employees working conditions are safe and in most cases flexible. This leads to a work life balance that cannot be obtained in companies such as Sinopec. Through a supplier code of conduct, the company ensures that the supply chain is safe and free from OHS. Despite this, the company have in past faced criticism due to outsourcing in countries with poor workplace health and safety. This is especially due to child labour and sweatshops. A report filed showed that Apple had failed to protect their workers in China. The report showed that workers were standing for hours, unde rage workers and poor OHS at the Petagron factories in Shanghai (Chan, Pun Selden, 2013). Industrial and organisational health and safety climates and cultures (differences, benefits and downfalls) Safety climate refers to the value given to safety in a given organisation. The health and safety climate involves values attitudes and patterns showed by an organisation in respect to health and safety. The 1986 Chernobyl disaster led to the rise of safety culture. In addition, organisation cultures have an impact on safety. This is where the existing safety culture determines the approach taken to ensure health and safety of workers. Safety culture refers to the organisation climate for safety and how it impacts behaviours in the organisation. Safety culture and climate have continued to evolve and at the moment, they both ensure safety in modern day organisations. Through the safety culture, individual values, attitudes, competencies and behaviour helps in determining the level of commitment in safety management. Safety climate is based on the existing policies, practices and procedures which help in safety. Organisation with good safety culture and climate are able to offer a saf e work environment. This is through having a positive safety culture to enhance safety performance (Mearns Flin, 1999). Health and safety training, knowledge and initiatives (health and safety schemes introduced in developing countries) With globalisation, the rise of FDI in the developing countries has led to a concern on health and safety. This is due to poor OHS in the developing countries and lack of health and safety laws. As the workplace become more complex and demanding there is need to learn on how to prevent injuries and illness. The developing countries have been lacking awareness, training and specialisation in occupational health and safety. WHO has been calling for occupational health for all to ensure a healthy workplace (Robson et al., 2007). Based on the WHO guidelines, people have rights to have the highest standard of health. There is need to improve on the occupational health and safety with an aim of protecting and promoting livelihoods and improvement of public health. The poorest are the most affected by poor occupational health and safety standards hence the need to improve them. Occupational injury and health increases poverty in developing countries. This calls for the need to train workers on the developing countries on OHS awareness, giving attention to work related health and poverty, regulations. There is need for international stakeholders to formulate new and innovative strategies that will lead to improve on health and safety initiatives (Lund Marriott, 2011). Conclusion: To sum up, globalisation has led to traditional heavy industrial and engineering fields moving towards the developing countries. The traditional industries are at the moment found in most of developing countries located in Asia, South America and Africa. Despite the economic benefits, the move of organisations based in western countries to developing countries has led to occupational and health hazards. This is especially in cases of organisations which have been outsourcing potentially hazardous activities to developing nations where legal and management controls may be of lower standards. Countries such as china have been lowering their legal and management standards with an aim of attracting FDIs. This has negative impacts on employees health which is ignored at the expense of profits. ILO and WHO have been working to ensure that workers globally are in a safe work environment. Despite this, countries such as China have failed to implement ILO conventions despite ratifying them. S ome of these countries lack national health and safety laws. An example is the case of Chinese toy factories which are owned by American multinationals. In these factories, workers were exposed to hazardous chemicals due to china lack of workplace health and safety laws. Through Hazardous Installations Directorate (HID), it was possible for UK to control the industries dealing with hazardous materials and ensure workers and public safety. This has been enhanced by the ISO 45001 which has catered for health of workers in firms outsourcing hazardous materials. This is through a international approach. There is a difference in CSR between the developing and developed countries. In developing countries, companies such as Apple have a strong CSR in accordance with international laws. This differs with countries such as China where CSR is still developing. There is need to have a safety culture and climate and also ensure that training is done in developing countries. This will ensure tha t everyone has access to health and safety especially in cases where hazardous materials are outsourced in developing countries. References Akgà ¼n, M. (2016). Denim production and silicosis. Current opinion in pulmonary medicine, 22(2), 165-169. Akgun, M., Araz, O., Akkurt, I., Eroglu, A., Alper, F., Saglam, L., Nemery, B. (2008). An epidemic of silicosis among former denim sandblasters. European Respiratory Journal, 32(5), 1295-1303. Barboza, D. (2008). In Chinese factories, lost fingers and low pay. New York Times, 5, 40. Batalas (2014a) OHS 18001 to become ISO 45001. Available at: https://www.batalas.co.uk/how-to-guides/health-and-safety-ohsas-18001/ohs-18001-become-iso-45001/ (Accessed: 2 March 2017). Carter, L. (2012). Goodbye to sandblasting?. International Union Rights, 19(1), 24-25. Chan, A. (2003). A Race to the Bottom Globalisation and Chinas labour standards: China Perspectives, (46). Chan, J., Pun, N., Selden, M. (2013). The politics of global production: Apple, Foxconn and Chinas new working class. New Technology, Work and Employment, 28(2), 100-115. Donoghue, A. M. (2004). Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview. Occupational Medicine, 54(5), 283-289. Fan, D. (2015). Occupational health and safety management in fashion and textiles industry: the value of slack resources and occupational health and safety management system (Doctoral dissertation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University). HSE. Gov (2016b). Hazardous installations directorate (HID). Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/hid/ (Accessed: 3 March 2017). International Labour Organisation (2017). International labour standards on occupational safety and health. Available at: http://ilo.org/global/standards/subjects-covered-by-international- labour-standards/occupational-safety-and-health/langen/index.htm (Accessed: 2 March 2017). Lin, S. H., Tang, W. J., Miao, J. Y., Wang, Z. M., Wang, P. X. (2008). Safety climate measurement at workplace in China: A validity and reliability assessment. Safety Science, 46(7), 1037-1046. Lund, F., Marriott, A. (2011). Occupational health and safety and the poorest (p. 63). School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Mearns, K. J., Flin, R. (1999). Assessing the state of organizational safety-culture or climate?. Current Psychology, 18(1), 5-17. ORourke, D. (2003). Outsourcing regulation: Analyzing nongovernmental systems of labor standards and monitoring. Policy Studies Journal, 31(1), 1-29. Pegg, S. (2012). Social responsibility and resource extraction: Are Chinese oil companies different?. Resources Policy, 37(2), 160-167. Raj-Reichert, G. (2013) Safeguarding labour in distant factories: Health and safety governance in an electronics global production network. Geoforum, 44, 23-31. Robson, L. S., Clarke, J. A., Cullen, K., Bielecky, A., Severin, C., Bigelow, P. L., Mahood, Q. (2007). The effectiveness of occupational health and safety management system interventions: a systematic review. Safety Science, 45(3), 329-353. Weiss, J. (2002). Industrialisation and globalisation: theory and evidence from developing countries. Psychology Press. Weiss, J. (2002). Industrialisation and globalisation: theory and evidence from developing countries. Psychology Press. Wu, L., Jiang, Z., Cheng, W., Zuo, X., Lv, D., Yao, Y. (2011). Major accident analysis and prevention of coal mines in China from the year of 1949 to 2009. Mining Science and Technology (China), 21(5), 693-699.

Hyatt Regency Dubai Profile Of Service Tourism Essay

Hyatt Regency Dubai Profile Of Service Tourism Essay Hyatt was founded on September 27th, 1957 by Jack D Crouch and Hyatt R. von Dehn who purchased a motel called Hyatt House located next to the international airport on Los Angeles. After a few years, it was sold to Jay Pritzker who along with his brother Donald, worked with family members who were interested and grew Hyatt into a hotel company ownership with Northern American management. They went public in 1962. The development of Hyatt International occurred in 1968 and eventually became a public company separately. Hyatt International Corporation along with Hyatt Corporation was privately held in 1979 and 1982 respectively by Pritzker family business interests. Every hospitality asset they owned along with the Hyatt Corporation and International became combined under one unit, Hyatt Hotels Corporation. Their mission statement is: Our mission is to provide authentic hospitality by making a difference in the lives of the people we touch every day Hyatts first venture overseas occurred in 1969 with the opening of the Hyatt Regency Hong Kong. Park Hyatt and Grand Hyatt were introduced in 1980. Hyatt has more than 340 hotels around the globe as of today. Hyatt Hotels Corporation proudly celebrates more than fifty years of history with a deep rooted status as an industry innovator which encourages the company to a bright future in enhancing creative hospitality. 4.0 HYATT REGENCY DUBAI. 4.1 OVERVIEW Hyatt Regency Dubai is a luxurious, modern hotel situated in the Deira district of Dubai adjacent to the Deira Corniche, a notorious boulevard in Dubai. Situated at a convenient distance from the textile souk, spices souk and gold souk, it is also just 7km away from the first mega mall in Dubai, Deira City Centre. The hotel comprises of 14 luxury rooms and suites that face the breathtaking Arabian Gulf. In terms of leisure, the 5 star hotel provides a spa, Club Olympus and has a golf course on its premises. They have an ice skating rink, tennis court, outdoor swimming pool and a fitness centre. Dubai is a major tourist hub attracting people with its dhow cruises, sandy beaches, dune bashing, camel racing, recreational parks and much more. 4.2 MARKET ANALYSIS. Hyatt Corporation has dramatically changed the view and impact of the hotel hospitality industry. Hyatt has specialized in providing luxury hotels, catering the needs of high-end business travelers by providing facilities for meetings and other related amenities to enhance their lodging experience. Having various brands such as Hyatt Regency, Grand Hyatt, Park Hyatt and Andaz catered mainly for high-end business customers. Hyatt Regency hotels are a core brand of the Hyatt Corporation, located at the metropolitan areas, targeting exclusive business travelers. Hyatt Regency, Dubai is a typical business transit hotel positioned to serve the upscale business traveler market segment by providing high quality services, accommodation and facilities served for business and conventional purposes (Executive Manager of Hospitality Hyatt Regency). The main strength of Hyatt Regency being the Loyalty amongst guests, they believe in the happy customer, more sales approach. Thus they have emphasiz ed their quality of services and distinguished themselves amongst other competing hospitality businesses in that manner. Hyatt Regency is one of the oldest and well known hotels in Dubai; also it is one of the only hotels in Dubai that has an indoor ice-rink and a shopping mall located within the Hotel to ease and enhance the stay of the guests, also located in a metropolitan area in Deira it is near the Dubai Gold Souk and a lot of cultural and local sites to make ideal stay for a tourist visiting Dubai. 4.3 COMPETITION. Hyatt is challenged with direct competition from hotels like Hilton and Marriott internationally and other hotels in Dubai that serve business customers. Hyatt Regency aims at providing a high-standard lodging experience that would encourage the frequency of their guests. Hyatt Worldwide has a Gold Passport frequency loyalty program that they believe is a strategy to increase their appeal and thereby their frequency of guests, therefore being loyal to the Corporation internationally and also helps in capturing other segments. Hyatt Corporation has a double dipping program with airline associates such as Emirates Airlines and these Skywards passengers are given special offers and discounts as mentioned by the Executive Manager of Hospitality at Hyatt Regency, Dubai. Besides the competition from major business hotels Hyatt also faces competition from leisure related hotels, also the location of Hyatt Regency is considered unsound being located in the old-Dubai business central and since Dubais business Central has been shifted to other locations e.g. Jebel Ali, etc. other hotels in these areas can stand as competition to Hyatt Regency. Another issue with Hyatt being their promotional strategies, they believe in advertising abroad in Europe, and other continents, but fail to advertise and promote the hotel in Dubai and the Middle East. But overall Hyatt Regency has been profitable over the years with its well known base of loyal customers and by exceeding the quality services and standards of Hyatt Corporation. HYATT REGENCY DUBAI PROFILE OF SERVICE 5.1 ROLE Guest The guest will arrive at the service factory. Once he enters the service factory, he will approach the front stage service provider and check in. He will be provided with all the facilities needed by him which are available. He then pays his bills and checks out. Service Provider (Hyatt Regency). The staffs are always ready at the desk. As guests arrive, they will greet them answer their questions and check them in. Often they will suggest or assist the guests with their decisions. The guests are provided with all the services without a say of No and all the services provided are recorded. 5.2 SCRIPT: Guest: Arrive at the Hotel Enter the Hotel Doorman: Greet and direct the Guest Front desk staff: Greet guest Guest: Enquire and book room Front desk staff: Answer question and check in guest Elevator/ Hallway Staff: Greet Guest: Goes to room enjoys supplementary services and core service/ service consumption Pay and check out Front desk staff: Greet and checkout guest Guest: Exit service factory 5.3 FLOW CHART. 5.3.1 FRONT STAGE ACTIVITIES: Greeting Guests Providing Information Service Consumption Payment Registering Guest 5.3.2 BACKSTAGE ACTIVITES: Preparing Food Doing the Ironing Scheduling/ Training Staff Cleaning/ Interior Designing Doing Inventory Check-In Entry Spend Time in Room Room Service Activities Payment Check-Out Room Prepared Prepare Request BLUEPRINT. FLOWER OF SERVICES Hyatt Regencys flower of services consists of the core and supplementary services provided by the hotel. The core service is the central component of the flower which supplies the principal. The core service of Hyatt Regency is to provide a bedroom for a hotel client and a hall for an event client. The petals surrounded by the center are the supplementary services which come as a package and also as optional services which are discussed below in detail. KEY: Facilitating Elements Enhancing Elements 7.1 FACILITATING ELEMENTS. 7.1.1 INFORMATION. Information about the services provided by the company are available locally i.e. in the UAE and internationally through many modes of mediums. The hotel website is the most informative medium of the hotel which provides every piece of information about the hotel from the prices, services, location, activities, hotel background, schedules, and offers to the other hotels in the chain etc. Information is also provided through leaflets in airports, travel agents, newsletters, magazines and newspapers in brief but detailed information can be obtained by calling the hotel anytime and enquiring the front desk with your query. 7.1.2 PAYMENT. Direct and indirect payments can be done through credit card transaction or cash payment. During direct payment credit card transactions are allowed in high and low contact services i.e. in the front desk itself or through online while booking for hotel, car or flight. Cash payments can only be made through high contact service i.e. in the front desk of any service centre of the hotel. During indirect payment the payments can be made either way to the intermediary such as the travel agent, airlines company, tour guide etc which will be passed on to the hotel eventually. 7.1.3 BILLING. Billings for normal guests are done under their name and contact details basis and every service the guest acquires, the time, quantity and the price are printed clearly on a transcript for the customer to check while they check out. Bills signed for each service such as food and beverage or the bars are also maintained to provide a proof for the guest if they lack the knowledge of acquiring a particular service. Billing of members are done under their membership numbers here the same procedure takes place as mentioned above but the members can earn incentive points for the amount of the service and records will be available for them online in their account. 7.1.4 ORDER TAKING. Reservation of rooms fall under this category and in this process the guests are firstly shown the options they can choose from and relevant forms should be filled with provision of secure commitment to delivery. When the decision is made by the guest it is recorded in the registration system under the guests unique field. The order taking of room services are done backstage and in a low contact manner for all services through telephone the order is recorded again on the registration system and delivered within the time frame given and the options are available for the guests in the room leaflets. For other activities such as restaurants, bars, lounges, golf etc the order taking is done front stage and the same procedures as above mentioned are carried on. 7.2 ENHANCING ELEMENTS. 7.2.1 HOSPITALITY. As a service that is hospitality related, utmost importance is placed on the level of interaction by the service employees (concierge) with the customers. Customers are greeted upon arrival. Staffs at Hyatt Regency are also given training in different languages so that customers do not have trouble with communication. Presence of cleanliness was evident in the lobby and lounge areas with on hands cleaning staff. Hyatt Regency provides rooms that are specially designed for the physically challenged. Since business guests tend to be pushed for time and hate lengthy check outs, Hyatt Regency offers onsite Express check-out services. Good hospitality becomes a key factor for customer loyalty. Bellboys and porter services are available to assist guests with their baggage. The hotel also provides free shuttle bus services to various locations around Dubai, like Deira City Centre and Dubai Mall. 7.2.2 CONSULTATION. Counseling that is usually given to a customer to help understand their situations and decide on solutions. During our interview, the Executive Manager of Hospitality mentioned that customers, who are undecided about choosing between featured activities such as the spa or sightseeing, are helped by concierge that are able to provide customized solutions. Since Hyatt Regency is mainly business guests oriented, consultation is also given on packages aimed at stay of corporate groups. 7.2.3 SAFEKEEPING. A factor of safety provided to the customers at the service site. Hyatt Regency has a host of safekeeping services from valet parking, baggage handling by the bell boys, private parking facilities for guests and baby-sitting service on prior arrangement. There was presence of security at the regular level just outside the hotel entrance. During our visit inside the hotel, we observed that there were many Hyatt Regency trained security purpose personnel who stationed themselves at positions to prevent people from entering off-limit areas (i.e. VIP only rooms). The hotel also had 24 hour video security system. 7.2.4 EXCEPTIONS. This supplementary service comes by a way of training to act in situations where policy doesnt play a role. During the interview with the Executive Manager, he mentioned that service personnel were given training in scenarios to deal with special situations. He also mentioned that, if a customer is unhappy with a particular service, the hotel provides extra stay at no extra charge. On special request, the hotel also caters to a customers taste palette if a certain food item they order is not present on the hotel food menu. Hyatt Regencys special request also entails the service of a 24 hour house doctor on call. One way in which Hyatt Regency handles customer complaints/suggestions/compliments is through a site called Trip Advisor that gives reviews and ratings. 8.0 SWOT ANALYSIS. Strengths: Brand image Hyatt has a well recognized brand image and is widely known internationally for having premium offerings and high quality services. Well distinguished services and amenities e.g. the only hotel with an indoor ice-rink and Revolving Restaurant (Al Dawaar) in Dubai. (Hyatt,2010) Rated 5 stars and a part of a well-respected international hospitality chain.(visitdubai, 2010) Hyatt Gold Passport frequency loyalty program encourages more guests. (Hyatt, 2010) Weaknesses: Located in an unsound environment away from the new business and leisure central. (i.e. Jebel Ali, Sheikh Zayed Rd.) Concentrated targeting on business customers can leave over-looking other growing market segments. Failure to market and promote the hotel within the Middle East. Opportunities: Special offers for commercial customers and using different methods to target niche markets. Using methods to promote the hotel within the U.A.E, to increase awareness. Increasing leisure activities during the low-peak seasons i.e. April to August, and targeting family oriented customers. New development in that site such as the Palm Deira which is currently on hold, once completed would increase the attractiveness of that area which will in turn result in more customers. Threats: Political factors can affect the business, such as labor laws, health and safety rules and regulations can change the business practices. Economic fluctuations such as recession or inflation can affect the profitability mainly because its targeted at high-end exclusive business travelers. The negative perceptions about the region can influence potential customers. HYATT REGENCY DUBAIS MARKETING MIX STRATEGIES. 9.1 PRODUCT. Hyatt Hotels Corporation has several chains located all around the world. Hyatt divides its brand into various sub-categories of hotels that differ from each other by the services it provides. Some well recognized brand categories are Park Hyatt, Grand Hyatt, Hyatt Regency and Hyatt Resorts. Hyatt Regency in Dubai mostly caters to business travelers and resort vacationers. The core service that Hyatt Regency offers is the accommodation of guestrooms to its customers. The hotel has around 414 stylish and contemporary guestrooms including 26 suites. Offering over various different styles and classes of room some of which are Gulf View King, Regency Suite King, Regency Executive, Emri Suite and Royal Suites gives customers a variety to choose from. Hyatt Regency also offers convention and meeting facilities since the majority of its customers represent business travelers. The hotel also has a ballroom [1,157 square meters] that can accommodate over a thousand people for events. Hyatt Re gency has around 9 flexible and divisible meeting rooms, two with natural daylight. Their convention and meeting facilities usually offer meal services to the rented rooms, with a selection of food items and cuisines that range from finger food items to lunch buffets. Customizable bookings of rooms make Hyatts core service very flexible to adapt to the requirements of the customer since its main target is towards customer stay satisfaction. Apart from Hyatt Regencys core service of accommodating customers, the hotel also offers a large variety of supplementary services to people. The premise consists of a number of restaurants, bars and lounge, their most famous revolving restaurant Al Dawar located on the rooftop of the hotel. Other places like Focaccia, Miyako, Shahrzad, The Kitchen, Carpenter Bar gives customers a variety of cuisine choices. Hyatt Regency also has recreational facilities which add value to customer stay experience at the hotel. The Club Fitness and Spa, Golf Park and the only hotel which has an ice rink include in these recreational facilities. 9.2 PLACE. Hyatt Regency stands tall towards the edge of Dubai around the cornice area in Deira. This spectacular location overlooks the whole of Dubai, with great views of the Arabian Gulf and the city. The hotel is located only 12km away from the Dubai International Airport and is close to the oldest business sectored area of Dubai. Although it doesnt reside in the heart of the city, it has a lot of tourist attractions minutes away from the hotel. Some of these places would include the shopping areas around the hotel, the Gold Souq, Mamzar Park which is a minutes drive from the hotel, historical museums and also the Creek. The location of Hyatt Regency now isnt that busy as businesses and other commercial activities tend to move towards the west side of Dubai (towards Jebel Ali). However, its location shouldnt be seen as a negative thing to business travelers, the peaceful and the not so busy side of Dubai does make customers see it as an advantage. The construction of the world famous projec t of Dubai, the man-made island known as Palm Deira, (although this project is temporary on hold) would bring forth a lot of opportunities to Hyatt Regency. Once this project is completed there would be great business attraction towards this side of Dubai which would be beneficial to Hyatt Regency since it is known as a business hotel. The channel of distribution that Hyatt Regency uses is more direct since it is a service sectored business. There is close contact with customers where their desired needs would be passed onto the hotel management to cater to, to fully satisfy customer stay experience. 9.3 PRICE. There are many factors that influence the prices charged on services. Hyatt Regencys pricing strategy is kept very flexible due to these factors. Hyatt Regencys prices are very sensitive to the market, which means their prices are highly influenced on the demand of their services they offer. Dubai being a tourist attracting city has led to the increasing number of hotels being set up around the busy areas of Dubai. This makes Hyatt Regency consider focusing on being competitive in the market following a competitive pricing strategy. The current prices of rooms average to around AED900 for a nights stay. This price usually fluctuates based on a number of factors. Firstly, the prices charged to customers are value-based, that is related to the different type of rooms available and the added services chosen by customers. Seasonal changes influence room rates too. The winter season in Dubai is much more pleasant than during the summer, so these rates are often raised during the peak seas on which is between October to March. Another factor that influences price rates is the availability of the rooms, like any business prices charged on the few rooms that are left and available would be more than the regular rate. The time between booking a room and staying in that room can change price rates (immediate bookings are more expensive than advanced bookings). Although all these factors can influence the room rates that Hyatt Regency charges customers they have to be careful not to flee potential customers to their substitutes because when it comes to hotel services in Dubai the cross elasticity of demand is always positive and very sensitive to competition. This means that Hyatt Regency should play its strategy right in the pricing market in the making maximum profit without losing out on sales. 9.4 PROMOTION. Hyatt Regency is known to be more of a business hotel than a tourist attraction. Promotion isnt focused upon as much in the local media. Most of its above the line promotion is carried out in countries outside the UAE, advertising in Western countries and Europe. Hyatt Regency usually gets its customers by associating their hotels with companies that recommend its workers a Hyatt stay. It also attracts customers from airline companies like Emirates. Hyatt Regency does focus on below the line promotional methods, by holding special offers to interest customers with a bundle package of their services, Hyatt Business Plan or the Time for Family special offer packages which are currently promoted to them. There are a lot of reward schemes that Hyatt Regency offers which encourage payment from customers. Every payment transactions made in Hyatt Regency allows the redeemable of Skywards reward points, a good persuasive method of payment. The hotel also introduced a loyalty scheme for custo mers, especially the ones that most frequently stay at Hyatt Regency. This loyalty scheme, the Gold Passport Program, where a customer can collect points on his account based on the number of times he stays there which can be used to request for discounts on his/her next visit at Hyatt. The hotel also has the issuing of gift cards which is seen as a splendid way to attract new customers to experience Hyatts service. 9.5 PROCESS. In Hyatt most of all the processes take place in the backstage which is invisible to the consumer and it is all carried out by the backstage staff and the registration system. The process begins with the guest reserving a room in the hotel and ends when a particular guest checks out. The primary process is the registration process carried out with the input of front desk staff of all the guest details, followed by the various invisible processes such as when the guest calls for a room service from the room for a service staff taking the order, process in the kitchen, filling of carts with requested supplies, adding guest requests in registration system etc. when the customer acquires services out of the room but in the hotel itself also requires processes such as preparing the food in a restaurant, mixing a drink in a bar which is a front stage process, registering signed bills into the transcript etc. The final process involves checking out the guest from the registration system fla gging task has been successfully accomplished by the front desk staff. 9.6 PEOPLE. In Hyatt Regency the culture is based on ethics and integrity which is partially employee driven recognizes the importance of employees and associates as its guests. It is essential for Hyatt Regency to recruit staff that share common interests in culture. The associates are educated to make a difference from day one, and they are offered with quality training to expertise in operational areas and also on management skills to deliver customer service. (Hyatt, 2010) Hyatt goes to great means in providing high quality health care insurance and retirement schemes for employees and family members. There is also educational re-imbursement program that provide an optimal learning experience to keep the associates up-to-date and ahead of competition. Hyatt Regency employees have a strong commitment and motivated through promotion opportunities within based on their performance and they are also offered with empowerment awards such as Hyatt Star which is a monetary reward for their performan ce. It is also possible for the associates to provide feedback through the Employee Opinion Survey. There are various advantages of working in a huge corporation like Hyatt from being able to have discounts on not only hotel rooms but also on a variety of other service products. Guests seldom make perceptions about the quality of services they receive through their interaction amongst employees. As the main goal of Hyatt seeking to be the most preferred brand among guests, they achieve this by providing high quality services but in turn the guests play a significant role in the delivery of service. The guests are also involved in co-production; they follow the hotels rules and guidelines which allows them and other guests to have to have an optimal experience and satisfaction. 9.7 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE. Hyatt Regency Dubais exterior seems somber but as a guest enters its doors, the interior creates an impressive, striking first impression. The floors are paved with smooth ivory marble across a vast reception area. The concierge is available on the left and a porter service on the right. The entrance to the Galleria is straight ahead and directions to each part of the hotel are clearly shown. There are elegant stairways as well. One of the many restaurants, The Kitchen provides an ambience of lounge music, sofas and a lounging area for guests who have just arrived, to relax in. There are gifts and souvenir shops as well as rental car shops all available with easy access for the guests. To transport guests baggage to their rooms, bellboys are available. The hotel has a contemporary look, cool neutrals and dark wood veneers providing a lush look to the interior. The staff at the concierge is very helpful and willing to help you with anything. The Galleria entrance provides access to th e ice rink and shopping facilities. ATMs are also provided inside. Internet WI-Fi is available to guests too. 9.8 PRODUCTIVITY Hyatt Regency Dubai ensures its customers its top most priority but also maintain that it is their employees who make the Hyatt experience, an outstanding one. Based on their Corporate Values, they empower their staff towards career development rather than just jobs. Business is conducted with an entrepreneurial attitude and innovation. Hyatt aims to draw and preserve a work force that are provided with a luxurious hospitable environment where they are comfortable and motivates them to provide high quality service levels. As Hyatt says We believe we can accomplish this by being a listening company of well-informed, impassioned people. Hyatt Regency Dubai provides extensive training regimes to inform and keep their employees up to date. They initiated a program called School Of Hospitality. This course provided courses which were standardised and customised to satisfy employees training needs as well as boost performance. Hyatt hopes to achieve higher customer focus, innovation and co nsistency whereas mainly offering authentic hospitality to each of their guests (Khan, T, 2009). 10.0 RECOMMENDATIONS. As we have analyzed the service delivery of Hyatt Regency Dubai, using the flower of service, SWOT analysis and their marketing mix strategies we have identified their issues and suggest the following recommendations. Hyatt Regencys customer segment should include more focus on leisure guests rather than just placing importance on business guests. Leisure guests can be accommodated at the Galleria apartments which are situated right next to Hyatt Regency and take advantage of the amenities and activities. The reason for this recommendation being that business guests are less likely to avail the facilities offered by the Galleria which are shopping, the salons, the eateries and the ice rink. By increasing their customer base, Hyatt can experience even greater revenues. Hyatt Regency having been in the UAE for almost more 30 years, they havent done any direct form of advertising for their hotel. Because of this, it has been seen that even some of the people who have been staying for more than 20 years in Dubai still dont know about Hyatt Regency. The hotel needs to re-review their modes on promotion. During our interview with the Executive Hospitality Manager, he mentioned that Hyatt Regency doesnt do any direct promotions in the UAE, but mostly in Europe and other international regions, because of the fact that their target customers are mainly business customers. This way Hyatt Regency can make its presence known more locally. Hyatt will also have to face the fact that many new hotels, are emerging, who use advertising to promote services similar to that of Hyatt Regency. A suggestion would be for Hyatt Regency to branch out and have few hotel apartment buildings located within certain parts of the city where businesses are mainly concentrated. Since many of Hyatts guests are business people, it would be more beneficial for them because at current, the location of Hyatt Regency is in area a bit away from the city. Possible solution would be to open up hotel apartment branches in business locations like Media City and Internet City. This would allow business guests to access the business sites much easily. Another huge concern that we observed about Hyatt Regency was that visitor parking behind the hotel was strewn with garbage. Being a 5 star hotel, Hyatt must take responsibility for looking after the cleanliness, not just of the hotel but also the premises within which it is located. Hyatt Regency needs to take steps to keep the parking lot clean, otherwise it would reflect badly on Hyatt Regencys image. 11.0 CONCLUSION. In conclusion, it is clearly evident that Hyatt Regency has been successfully able to target and satisfy their guests, mainly business customers. As a hotel that has been upholding its 5 star status for almost 3 decades, it is no doubt that Hyatt Regencys quality of service and hospitality is of top notch allowing the hotel to stand up to the tests of time. As the Executive Hospitality Manager said, many hotels offer the same service, but the amount of effort by Hyatt Regency to deliver those services is what differentiates it from the competition.